• Literature review suggests a strong presence of

  2021-11-26

  

  Literature review suggests a strong presence of central histaminergic transmission in the sigma receptor areas targeted by caffeine to induce its behavioral actions. Interestingly, it is reported that caffeine administration increases the histamine neuronal activation and release of histamine in the

• Intracellular signaling pathways leading to IR injury are in

  2021-11-26

  

  Intracellular signaling pathways leading to IR injury are initiated by an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS). This occurs principally at the time of initiation of reperfusion, which is accompanied by the re-admission of oxygen to the ischemic tissue. The resulting cascade of downstream events

• The expression of COX has been correlated with

  2021-11-26

  

  The expression of COX-2 has been correlated with the density of amyloid plaque [65]. A study reported that IMX was effective in suppressing the expression of iNOS and IL-6, but not COX-2, in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglial cells [52]. In this study, IMX did not alter upregulation of COX-2 induced by H

• Here we show that lactate

  2021-11-26

  

  Here we show that lactate activates the Gi-coupled receptor GPR81, which is exclusively expressed on adipocytes, and that lactate released from adipocytes in response to glucose and insulin mediates insulin-induced antilipolysis by activation of GPR81. Results Discussion Nutrients and their m

• br Introduction The third variable V loop of the gp

  2021-11-25

  

  Introduction The third variable (V3) loop of the gp120 envelope glycoprotein (Env) on the surface of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) becomes exposed after the virus binds CD4, the initial receptor; the V3 loop plays an important role in contacting the coreceptor CCR5 or CXCR4 to media

• SGCs tightly ensheath the soma

  2021-11-25

  

  SGCs tightly ensheath the soma of DRG neurons (Costa and Moreira, 2015, Hanani, 2005, Takeda et al., 2009). Intimate associations between SGCs and neurons facilitate bidirectional regulation of SGC function and neuronal excitability. After nerve injury, neuronal hyperexcitability can result in SGC a

• br Novel mechanisms of fipronil resistance in planthoppers

  2021-11-25

  

  Novel mechanisms of fipronil resistance in planthoppers Conclusion Conflict of interest Introduction Methamphetamine, a widely abused drug, is mainly used as a psychostimulant although it is occasionally used at low doses for medical purposes, such as in attention deficit or hyperactivit

• D appears to be important for receptor function

  2021-11-25

  

  D83 appears to be important for receptor function as a mutation to an alanine produced a non-functional channel. Interestingly, maintaining the charge as in D83E produced only a small reduction in GABA sensitivity. Other mutations at this position which included residues capable of hydrogen bonding

• br Cellular transportation of nanoparticles and nanocomplexe

  2021-11-25

  

  Cellular transportation of nanoparticles and nanocomplexes Endocytosis and exocytosis are critically important phenomena in cellular metabolism, which involve the complex vesicular system. They deal with major cellular transportation activities including membrane homeostasis by transporting prote

• Our observation that glioblastoma tumor cells express

  2021-11-25

  

  Our observation that glioblastoma tumor cells express ETA-R in 6/10 cases contrasts with a recent publication reporting ETB-R expression in these tumors [17]. The reason for the discrepancy between that report and the present study might be due to the fact that glioblastomas with oligodendroglial co

• Compound a substituted phenyl H pyrano d d

  2021-11-25

  

  Compound 6, a 5-(4-substituted-phenyl)-5H-pyrano[2,3-d:-6,5-d′]dipyrimidine derivative was invented previously to have significant efficacy to inhibit HIV integrase enzyme with 0.9 ± 0.4 μM of IC50 against 3′-processing and 16.1 ± 10.7 μM of IC50 against strand transfer suppression. The compound ind

• Aberrant expression of HKII may be a required

  2021-11-25

  

  Aberrant expression of HKII may be a required feature for cancer development and progression. Overexpression of HKII has been reported in tumor tissues of cancer patients with liver [9], ovary [8], [24] and larynx [25]. The clinical significance of HKII in cancer was noted as overexpression of HKII

• Waldeck Weiermair et al demonstrated that in endothelial cel

  2021-11-24

  

  Waldeck-Weiermair et al. (2008) demonstrated that in endothelial cells, the activation of GPR55 by application of 10µM anandamide resulted in a marked increase of ERK1/2 phosphorylation that was evident 2min following drug activation and was sustained for up to 3h. Another example comes from our unp

• br Conclusion The wild study reports seasonal variations in

  2021-11-24

  

  Conclusion The wild study reports seasonal variations in reproductive physiology, behavior and ctep mg plasticity at different age stages in wild-caught Mongolian gerbils. The gerbils in breeding seasons have more mature sexual development, higher exploratory behavior, higher novelty preference,

• br Material and methods br Results br Discussion The inhibit

  2021-11-24

  

  Material and methods Results Discussion The inhibitory action of a GABA agonist, muscimol, on the level of mRNA encoding GnRH in the POA-hypothalamus [25] of follicular-phase sheep has suggested that at the hypothalamic level GABA may exert a suppressive effect on subsequent steps of the Gn

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